He studied there for four years before returning to his homeland Bangladesh. During his study time at Darul Uloom Deoband he became close to Hussain Ahmed Madani and later he became his youngest official successor from Indian subcontinent. Ahmad Shafi was the leader of Hifazat-E-Islam Bangladesh, (a non-political Islamic organization).[citation needed]
Shah Ahmad Shafi was to continue to serve as the director general of Al-Jamiatul Ahlia Darul Ulum Moinul Islam, also known as Hathazari Madrasa, as decided by Majlis-e-Shura. “No one will be appointed as the acting rector of the madrasa as long as Shafi is alive,” Press Secretary of the Hefazat chief, Munir Ahmed said.[7]
(1932-2015) born in Deir Atiyya, Qalamun. Specialised in Fiqh and International Relations.
leading scholar of Islamic law and legal theory…noted for his extensive scholarship. He is also considered an expert on Islamic international law and is Chairman of Islamic Jurisprudence at the College of Shari‘ah at Damascus University. Al-Zuhayli is a popular preacher and a proponent of traditional orthodox Sunni Islam
Baroudi, Sami E., and Vahid Behmardi. ‘Sheikh Wahbah Al-Zuhaili on International Relations: The Discourse of a Prominent Islamist Scholar (1932–2015)’. Middle Eastern Studies 53, no. 3 (2017): 363–85. https://doi.org/10.1080/00263206.2016.1263190. Makkī, Majd. وهبة الزحيلي – العالم الفقيه المفسر. https://islamsyria.com/site/show_cvs/147. ‘المكتبة المصورة للأستاذ وهبة الزحيلي Pdf : مع نبذة عن حياته’. https://www.feqhweb.com/vb/t21809.html. Kanani, Iman, Muhammad Zarasi, and Zulkifli Mohd Yusoff. ‘The Explanation of Muwālāt in Zuhaily’s Exegesis “al Tafsir al Munir”’. International Journal of Nusantara Islam 4, no. 1 (2016): 105–128. https://doi.org/10.15575/ijni.v4i1.1441.
His title and name: The Shaykh, al-ʿAllāmah, al-Muḥaddith, Dr. Nūr al-Dīn ʿItr (May Allāh have Mercy on him).
The noble Shaykh was born in Ḥalab (Aleppo) on the 17th of Safar in the year 1356 AH which is equivalent to 28th April 1937 CE.
He started his initial studies in Madrasah Sayf al-Dawlah in Ḥalab, followed on by completion of his initial studies at Madrasah al-Khusrawiyyah in the same city in 1954. The writer of these lines had the opportunity to visit this Madrasah in 2002. The Shaykh then completed his Bachelor’s degree from the prestigious al-Azhar University in Cairo, Egypt, in the year 1958, where he was awarded the grade of distinction. Shaykh ʿItr also completed a doctorate (PhD) at al-Azhar in 1964. The doctorate has been published under the title: Al-Imām al-Tirmidhī wa Muwāzanah bayna Jāmiʿihī wa ‘l-Ṣaḥiḥayn (Imām al-Tirmidhī and a comparison between his Jāmiʿ and the two Saḥiḥs (of al-Bukhāri and Muslim).
His teachers:
From Ḥalab:
In the Khusrawiyyah Madrasah in Ḥalab he studied under the leading Muḥaddith and Historian of Syria, Shaykh Muḥammad Rāghib al-Ṭabbākh, though he did not attain a scholarly Ijāzah from him due to Shaykh Ṭabbākh passing away before Shaykh ʿItr completed his studies under him;
Shaykh Muḥammad Najīb Sirāj al-Dīn from Ḥalab;
The late Muḥaddith of Ḥalab and a noted Walī of Allāh, Shaykh ʿAbdullāh Sirāj al-Dīn (d. 2002). The writer of these lines had the privilege of visiting the latter’s Madrasah, named as al-Shaʿbāniyyah as well as also visiting his grave in 2002. Shaykh ʿAbdullāh Sirāj al-Dīn was also the father in law of Shaykh ʿItr;
Shaykh Muḥammad Asad al-ʿAbhujī;
Shaykh ʿAbd al-Wahhāb Sakr;
Shaykh Muḥammad al-Salqīnī;
Shaykh Muḥammad Najīb al-Khayyāṭah;
Shaykh Muḥammad Abu ‘l-Khayr Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn;
Shaykh Bakrī Rajab; and
Shaykh Muḥammad al-Milāḥ.
In al-Azhar University his teachers include:
Shaykh ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ʿAbd al-Laṭīf;
Shaykh Muḥammad Muḥyi ‘l-dīn ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd who was his supervisor for his doctorate, and he studied Imām al-Suyūṭi’s Tadrīb al-Rāwī under him;
Shaykh Muḥammad al-Samāḥi who was his second supervisor for his doctorate and he studied the Science of ḥadīth under him;
Shaykh Muḥammad Abū Shahbah. The Shaykh studied Qur’anic studies under him; and
Shaykh Musṭafā Mujāhid.
The Shaykh took Ijāzah (warrant of authorisation usually in ḥadīth) from a number of scholars among whom were the following:
Shaykh ʿAbdullāh Sirāj al-Dīn of Ḥalab (d. 1422 AH);
Shaykh Muḥammad al-Samāḥi (d. 1404 AH) of Cairo;
Shaykh Muḥammad al-Makkī al-Kattānī (d. 1393 AH) of Damascus;
Shaykh ʿAlawī ibn ʿAbbās al-Mālikī (d. 1391 AH) of Makkah;
Shaykh Ibrāhīm al-Khutanī (d. 1389 AH);
Shaykh Ḥabīb al-Raḥmān al-Aʿẓamī (d. 1412 AH) from Azamgarh, India; and
Shaykh Muḥammad Yāsīn al-Fādānī (d. 1410 AH) of Makkah, who was recognised as the Musnid al-Dunyā (the one who transmitted the chains of ḥadīth transmission from the largest number of scholars in his age).
The institutes the Shaykh taught in:
Madinah University from 1965 to 1967. During this period the Shaykh edited a new edition of the famous Muqaddimah ibn al-Ṣalāḥ using some original manuscripts;
He started teaching in Damascus University from 1967 and taught subjects like ʿUlum al-Ḥadīth and ʿUlum al-Qur’ān in the Faculty of Sharīʿah. He taught here until his retirement;
He also gave lessons in Aleppo University, Umm Durmān University in Sudan, Umm al-Qurā University in Makka, Muḥammad ibn Saʿūd University in Riyadh, Imām al-Awzāʿī University in Lebanon, Kuwait University, Dār al-ʿUlūm Nadwat al-ʿUlama’ in Lucknow, India, Kulliyat al-Dirāsāt al-Islāmiyyah wa ‘l-ʿArabiyyah in Dubai, Marmara University in Istanbul and elsewhere.
His literary works:
The Shaykh composed some unique works and edited some classical works too. There are at least 63 invaluable works produced by his expansive pen. Among them are the following titles:
Al-Imām al-Tirmidhī wa Muwāzanah bayna Jāmiʿihī wa ‘l-Ṣaḥiḥayn (Imām al-Tirmidhī and a comparison between his Jāmiʿ and the two Ṣaḥiḥs (of al-Bukhārī and Muslim)), Manhaj al-Naqd fi ʿUlūm al-Ḥadīth (The methodology of criticism in ḥadīth sciences), Muʿjam al-Muṣṭalaḥāt al-Ḥadīthiyyah (The compendium of hadith terms), ʿUlūm al-Qur’ān al-Karīm (The sciences of the Noble Qur’ān), Usūl al-Jarḥ wa ‘l-Ta’dīl (The principles of the dispraise and accreditation of ḥadīth narrators), al-Ḥajj wa ‘l-ʿUmrah fi ‘l-Fiqh al-Islāmī (Hajj and ʿUmrah in Islamic jurisprudence – available also in English), ʿUlūm al-Ḥadīth of Imām ibn al-Ṣalāḥ, al-Riḥlah fī Ṭalab al-Ḥadīth (Travelling in search of ḥadīth) by al-Khaṭīb al-Baghdādi, Sharḥ ʿIlal al-Tirmidhī (a commentary on hidden defects compiled by Imām al-Tirmidhī) by Imām ibn Rajab al-Ḥanbalī, Nuzhat al-Naẓar fī Tawḍīḥ Nukhbat al-Fikr (The pleasure of the gaze in exposition of the select thoughts) by al-Ḥāfiẓ Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, Irshād Ṭullab al-Ḥaqā’iq (Guiding the seekers of truths) by Imām al-Nawawī, Manāhij al-Muḥaddithīn (The methodology of the ḥadīth scholars), Mādhā ʿan al-Mar’ah (What about women?), Fikr al-Muslimīn wa Taḥaddiyyāt al-Alf al-Thālithah (Muslim thought and the challenges of the third millennium). The Shaykh also wrote a four-volume commentary to the Bulūgh al-Marām of al-Ḥāfiẓ Ibn Ḥajar with the title: Iʿlām al-Anām (Announcement to mankind).
His students:
The Shaykh had many male and female students from the Arab world and elsewhere. From the mid-1990s until the beginning of the Syrian civil war of 2011 a number of Western based scholars and students of knowledge also attended some of the select lessons of Shaykh ʿItr. Our younger brother, Shaykh Sadiq Ahmed from Birmingham, England, had the good fortune of studying under the Shaykh between 1996-1998 in Damascus while studying in al-Maʿhad al-Fatḥ al-Islāmī. He covered selections from Ṣaḥiḥ al-Bukhāri, Ṣaḥiḥ Muslim, al-Hidāyah of al-Marghīnānī and the Nuzhat al-Naẓar of al-Ḥāfiẓ Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī under Shaykh ʿItr. The writer of these lines also had the privilege to cover the latter work with Shaykh ʿItr and attained a warrant of authorisation (Ijāzah) with his named brother from Shaykh ʿItr.
What we note about the Shaykh is that he was immensely knowledgeable, humble, a true lover of the Prophet ﷺ, and he was very generous and kind with his valuable time; especially to foreign students of knowledge who had travelled a long distance to sit and learn at his blessed feet.
The Shaykh passed away at the age of 83 after some bouts of ill health on the 23rd of September 2020 (5th of Safar 1442AH). His passing away was a major loss to the world of Islamic scholarship. May Allāh have mercy upon him. Āmīn.
Justice Sheikh Mufti Muhammad Taqi Usmani is a leading scholar of Hadith, Islamic jurisprudence and Islamic finance. He is considered to be the intellectual head of the Deobandi School of Islamic learning, as well as an authority outside of the Deobandi School. He served as Judge of the Shari’at Appellate Bench of the Supreme Court of Pakistan from 1982 to May 2002. He specialises in Hadith, Islamic jurisprudence and financial matters.
Birth: 5 October 1943 (Age: 77)
Influence
Deobandi De facto Leader: Usmani is very important as a figurehead in the Deobandi movement— one of the most successful of the Islamic revivalist initiatives of the past century. His views and fatwas are taken as the final word by Deobandi scholars globally including those at the Deoband seminary in India. Usmani was born in Deoband, India, to Mufti Muhammad Shafi (the former Grand Mufti of Pakistan) who founded the Darul ‘Uloom, Karachi, a leading centre of Islamic education in Pakistan. He has authority to teach hadith from Sheikh al-Hadith Mawlana Zakariya Khandelawi amongst others, and he traversed the spiritual path of Tasawwuf under the guidance of Sheikh Dr. Abdul Hayy Arifi, a student of the great revivalist scholar of India, Mawlana Ashraf Ali Thanvi. His students in the thousands are spread across the globe, especially in the Indian subcontinent, central Asia and many Western countries. It is estimated that over 65% of all madrassas in Pakistan are Deobandi as well as 600 of the 2000 mosques in the UK. Deobandis consider themselves orthodox Hanafi Sunnis.
Leading Islamic Finance Scholar: Usmani’s other influence comes from his position as a global authority on Islamic finance. He has served on the boards, and as chairman, of over a dozen Islamic banks and financial institutions, and currently leads the International Shariah Council for the Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI) in Bahrain. He is also a permanent member of the International Islamic Fiqh Academy of the Organization of the Islamic Conference, one of the highest legal bodies in the Muslim world.
Writer: He has translated the Qur’an both into English and Urdu. He is the author of a six volume Arabic Hadith commentary on Sahih Muslim. He is the Chief Editor of both the Urdu and English monthly magazine ‘Albalagh’, and regularly contributes articles to leading Pakistani newspapers on a range of issues. His legal edicts (fatwas), written over the period of 45 years, are published in 4 large volumes. He has authored more than 80 books in Arabic, English, and Urdu.
New Works: He is directly supervising The Hadith Encyclopaedia, a masterful, pioneering compilation which will provide a universal number to each Hadith in a manner that will make referencing any Hadith as easy as it is to refer to an Ayat of the Quran. The Encyclopaedia will be over 300 volumes. A second major work recently published is entitled “The Jurisprudence (Fiqh) of Trade”. The Book concludes with a proposed Code of Islamic Law of Sale of Goods and Transfer of Property, which serves as a powerful “Call to Action” for regulators and standard setting organizations alike.
Assassination Attempt: On March 22, 2019, as Mufti Taqi was on his way to deliver a Friday sermon, gunmen riding three motorbikes opened fire on his and an accompanying car. The Mufti, his wife and two grandchildren (a girl aged seven and boy aged five), miraculously survived the shower of bullets untouched, but two people lost their lives and a further two were severely injured. The Prime minister of Pakistan condemned the attack as did scholars and politicians across the board. As of yet, no-one has claimed responsibility for carrying out the attack.
Quotes
“Since wealth is the property of God, humanity does not have autonomy in this ownership but through the specific path He has instituted in the Islamic Shari ‘ah.”
“Nothing destroys one’s respect in the hearts of others more than greed.”
143 – publications authored in Arabic, English, and Urdu. 10 thousand – students at the Darul ‘Uloom Karachi.
Muhammad Taqi Usmani (Urdu: محمد تقی عثمانی, Muhammad Taqī ‘Usmāni, born 5 October 1943) (also spelled Uthmani) is a Deobandi Hanafi Islamic scholar from Pakistan. He served as a judge on the Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan from 1981 to 1982 and the Shariat Appellate Bench of the Supreme Court of Pakistan between 1982 and 2002. He is an expert in the fields of Islamic Jurisprudence (fiqh), economics, Tasawwuf, and hadith. He also held a number of positions on the Shariah Boards of prestigious Islamic institutions, and was instrumental in the writing of the Hudood Ordinances under General Zia ul-Haq. He is the brother of Islamic scholars Muhammad Rafi Usmani, Muhammad Wali Razi, and Muhammad Razi Usmani, as well as of the Urdu poet Muhammad Zaki Kaifi. He has written translations of the Qur’an in both English and Urdu.
EARLY LIFE
Muhammad Taqi Usmani was born on 5 October 1943 (5 Shawwal 1362 AH) in Deoband, a city in the Saharanpur district of Uttar Pradesh, India.
In 1958, Usmani passed the Fazil-e-Arabi (Arabic language examination) with distinction, administered by the Punjab Board. In 1959 he graduated from the `Alim course at Darul Uloom Karachi. He then specialised in fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) under the guidance of his father, the Mufti of Darul Uloom Karachi, Muhammad Shafi, receiving his Takhassus degree (equivalent to a PhD) in fiqh and ifta (issuance of Islamic legal opinions) from Darul Uloom Karachi in 1961, earning the title of Mufti. He graduated from the University of Karachi with a Bachelor of Arts in 1964, then received a Bachelor of Laws with distinction from the University of Karachi in 1967. He received a Master of Arts in Arabic literature, with distinction, from the University of Punjab in 1970.
Usmani received ijaza to teach hadith from Islamic scholars including Muhammad Shafi, Muhammad Idris Kandhlawi, Qari Muhammad Tayyib, Saleemullah Khan, Mufti Rashid Ahmad Ludhianvi, Sahban Mahmud, Zafar Ahmad Usmani, Muhammad Zakariya Kandhalvi, Hasan al-Mahshat, and others.
His Teachers also include Mufti Wali Hasan Tonki, the Grand Mufti of Jami’ ul Uloom Al-Islamiyyah. His elders include Shaikh Abdul Fattah Abu Ghuddah.
In tradition to the scholars of Deoband, recognising the importance of Tasawwuf, he traversed the path under the guidance of his Shaikh Dr. Abdul Hai Arifi and Maulana Muhammad Masihullah Khan both khulafa of Hakeemul Ummat Maulana Ashraf Ali Thanwi (rahmetullah ajmaeen). He is authorized by both of his mentors in Silsila e Ashrafia: Chistiyyah, Naqshbandiyah, Qadiriyah and Suharwardiyah. In addition to his busy schedule he is himself a mentor to numerous spiritual aspirants all over the world, such as Hadhrat Moulana Sheikh Mohammad Luqman Sahib Ji (RA) of the renowned Abu Bakr Trust in Walsall, England.
Usmani pioneered the concept of Islamic banking in Pakistan when he established the Meezan Bank. Usmani has authored a number of books in Arabic, Urdu, and English on Islamic topics in addition to a large number of articles on Islamic banking and finance published in a number of journals and magazines. According to The Muslim 500 website, he is a leading scholar of Islamic Finance, “Usmani’s chief influence comes from his position as a global authority on the issue of Islamic finance.”
In March 2004, United Arab Emirates Vice President and Prime Minister Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum presented an award to Taqi Usmani in recognition of his lifetime service and achievement in Islamic finance during the annual International Islamic Finance Forum (IIFF) in Dubai.
In accordance with the tradition of the scholars of Deoband and recognising the importance of tasawwuf, Usmani’s bay’ah was accepted by Abdul Hai Arifi and Muhammad Masihullah Khan. Usmani is currently a mentor to numerous spiritual aspirants all over the world and delivers weekly lectures on self-improvement at Darul Uloom Karachi on Sundays between Asr Salaah and Maghrib Salaah.
He currently teaches Sahih al-Bukhari, fiqh, and Islamic economics at Darul Uloom Karachi and is known for his Islahi Khutbat. He was a key member of a team of scholars which helped declare Ahmadis (Qadianis), as non-Muslims by Pakistan’s National Assembly during the era of former Pakistani president, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, in the 1970s. During the presidency of General Zia ul Haq, he was instrumental in drafting laws pertaining to Hudood, Qisas meaning retaliation in kind or (eye for an eye, and Diyya (blood money).
VIEWS
Usmani strongly opposes elements of modernity, which he describes as engulfing
“the whole world in the tornado of nudity and obscenity, and has provided an excuse for fornication, and more so it has led under thunder claps to the passage of a bill in the British House of Commons to legalize homosexuality. It is in the shadow of the same modernity that Western women are openly displaying banners on the streets demanding legalization of abortion ….
He also strongly supports Pakistan’s Hudood Ordinances he helped write and strongly opposed the Women’s Protection Bill, which he believes violates the injunctions of Quran and Sunnah. He thinks it will not provide a great relief to countless women.
At a religious conference in 1984 he urged a more “dynamic attitude” towards the practice of ijtihad, arguing there is no shortage of fine minds capable of interpreting the sharia, but warning against the contamination of sharia by Western ideas such as the elimination of hudood penalties such as amputation and stoning.
POSITIONS
Muhammad Taqi Usmani has been called “a leading scholar of Islamic jurisprudence” and “one of the most successful of the Islamic revivalist initiatives of the past century”, by The Muslim 500 website, which lists him among the 500 “most influential Muslims” in the world; and “one of the leading religious experts on Islamic finance and much sought after person by Islamic financial institutions for their Shari’ah Boards,” by M.O.Farooq.
Positions currently being held
Chairman, Sharia Board of State Bank of Pakistan
Vice President and Shaykh al-Hadith, Jamia Darululoom Karachi
Chairman, International Shariah Standard Council, Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions, Bahrain
Permanent Member, Vice Chairman, International Islamic Fiqh Academy, Jeddah, organ of the Organisation of Islamic Conference (OIC).
Member, Islamic Fiqh Academy of Rabita-al-‘Alam-e-Islami, Makkah
Permanent Member International Islamic Fiqh Academy, Jeddah, sponsored by OIC.
Chairman Centre for Islamic Economics Pakistan since 1991
Chairman Shariah Board Central Bank of Bahrain
Chairman Shariah Board Abu Dhabi Islamic Bank, U.A.E.
Chairman Shariah Board Meezan Bank Limited, Karachi, Pakistan
Chairman Shariah Board International Islamic Rating Agency, Bahrain
Chairman Shariah Board of JS Islamic Pension Savings Fund
Chairman Shariah Board Arif Habib Investments – Pakistan International Islamic Fund, Karachi
Member Shariah Board Arcapita Investment Fund, Bahrain
Member Unified Shariah Board Islamic Development Bank, Jeddah
Member Shariah Board Guidance Financial Group, USA
Positions held in the past
Judge, Shariat Appellate Bench, Supreme Court of Pakistan (1982 to May 2002)
Chairman, Centre for Islamic Economics, Pakistan since 1991
Judge, Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan from (1980 to 1982)
Member, Syndicate University of Karachi (1985 to 1988)
Member, Board of Governors, International Islamic University Islamabad, 1985 to 1989.
Member, International Institute of Islamic Economics (1985 to 1988)
Member, Council of Islamic Ideology (1977 to 1981)
Member, Board of Trustees International Islamic University, Islamabad (2004 to 2007)
Member, Commission for Islamisation of Economy of Pakistan.
WORKS IN ENGLISH TRANSLATION
Hudhur (Salla-Allahu alayhi wa Sallam) ney Farmaya (Sayings of Prophet Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam)
‘Uloom-ul-Qur’an (An Approach to the Qur’anic Sciences)
Hujjiyat-e-Hadeeth (The Authority of Sunnah)
Dunya K Uss Paar (Beyod this World)
Aasan Nakiyan (Easy Good Deeds)
Islam aur Jidat Pasandi (Islam and Modernism)
Mu’amalaat Saaf Rakhayn (Live like Brothers, Deal like Strangers)
Perform Salah Correctly
Pur Noor Duain (Radiant Prayers) (Collection of Prayers for all occasions)
Hudood – Aik Ilmi Jaiza (The Case of the Hudood Ordinances)
Islahi Khutubat (The Discourses on the Islamic Way of Life) (10 volumes published as yet)
Spiritual Discourses (4 Volumes)
Salah – a Unique Meeting
Solutions to Domestic Conflicts (A collection of 6 Speeches entitled “Causes of Disunity and its Remedy”)
A Call to Allah
Resisting the Evils in Society
Rights and Responsibilities
Akabir ‘Ulama-e-Deoband Kya Thay? (The Scholars of Deoband Islamic Seminary)
Sood Per Tareekhi Faisla (The Historic Judgement on Interest)
Ahkam-uz-Zaba’ih (The Legal Rulings on Slaughtered Animals)
Taqleed Ki Shari’i Hasiyat (The Legal Status of Following a Madhab)
Ahkam-e-I’tikaf (The Rules of I’tikaf)
The Sanctity of Life in the Qur’an & Sunnah
Qadiyani Fitnah aur Millat-e-Islamiyah Ka Mu’aqqaf (with Samiul-Haqq) [Mu’aqqaf Ummat-ul-Islamiyah Minal Qadiyaniyah (The View of the Ummah on Qadiyanism/Qadiyanism on Trial)]
‘Eesayat Kya Hai? [Ma Hea An-Nasraniyah? (What is Christianity?)]
In the Footsteps of the Beloved
Preserving the Deen
Self Management
To Preach and Practice
A Guide to Perfection
A Successful Believer
An Outlook on Life
Divine Gifts
Islam in Today’s World
Bringing up Children in Islam
The Issue Of Interest
Wonderful Life of Paradise (Just one chapter is written by Mufti Muhammad Taqi Usmani)
Some Points to Ponder about Post Crisis Reforms
The Right of a Woman to Unilateral Divorce under Islamic Law
An Obituary to Shaikh ‘Abdul Fattah Abu Ghuddah (R’A)
Many of these books are available online. He also gave many lectures that are available online in audio formats.
Shafii scholar of Kurdish origin. His family moved from Bitlis to Konya. At the age of 11, he joined the madrasa. During his time of ifta, he wrote his tafsir “Isharatul Ijaz”. Later he quit his post and returned to Bitlis to commence teaching. In 1964 he was tasked by Diyanet to work on a Koran translation and tafsir – a project which was left unfinished. In 1966 he moved to Istanbul taking his family along. He taught Arabic and Islamic sciences. In 1968 he was appointed as the preacher of Istanbul Centre. After seven years he quit this post. Being married, he had seven children and knew Arabic and Persian. His son Metin Yüksel was martyred in 1979.
Sheikh Muhammad Surti who is the Shaykh ul Hadith and the Grand Mufti of the Jami’ah Assadiya of Rangoon in Burma (he is one of the shortest transmission chains in the world and started teaching at the age of 14)
المفتي محمد رفيع بن المفتي محمد شفيع العثماني Mufti Muhammad Rafi b. Muhammad Shafi’ Al-Uthmani
Pakistan supreme court judge. Deputy head of Darul Ilm in Karachi. Deputy head of Islamic Fiqh Congregation in Jeddah.
القاضي محمد تقي العثماني بن الشيخ المفتي محمد شفيع بن الشيخ ياسين بن خليفة تحسين علي بن ميانجي امام علي بن ميانجي الحافظ كريم الله بن ميانجي خير الله بن ميانجي شكر الله .
ومعنى ميانجي في اللغة الهندية : هو المعلم .
وتنحدر أسرته من سلالة عثمان بن عفان رضي الله عنه كما صرح بذلك في والده ، وإن لم يكن هناك سند متصل بذلك ، ولكن الشريعة لا تشترط في هذا الباب الإسناد المتصل بل تعتبر فيه التسامع والشهرة .
ولد في قرية ديوبند من محافظة سهارنفور الهندية سنة 1362 – 1943
وأخوته خمسة هو اصغرهم سنا ،
– وأكبرهم محمد زكي توفى في عنفوان شبابه وكان شاعرا في اللغة الأوردية وله ديوان شعر ،
– وثانيهم محمد رضي العثماني أسس مطبعة دار الإشاعة ،
– وثالثهم محمد ولي رازي البرفسور بجامعة كراتشي بقسم الدراسات الاسلامية ، وله كتاب في السيرة من عجائبه وعبقريته أن هذا الكتاب رغم ضخامته خال من النقط فالكتاب كله مجرد من الحروف المنقوطة وهو باللغة الأوردية ، ومنحه عليه الرئيس ضياء الحق جائزة فخمة .
– ورابعهم محمد رفيع العثماني رئيس جامعة دار العلوم بكراتشي والمفتي العام لباكستان وله كتب كثيرة ، وأهمها مكانة الإجماع وحجيته وهو من أروع ما كتب في هذا الباب ، وكتاب ضابط المفطرات في مجال التداوي ، وهو بديع في بابه ، وكلاهما عندي . مطبعة دار العلوم بكراتشي .وله حاشية على شرح عقود رسم المفتي .
Works
-مقدمة معارف القرآن ، مقدمة لتفسير أبيه محمد شفيع
-علوم القرآن
-ترجمة معارف القرآن إلى الإنكليزية
-تكملة فتح الملهم في ست مجلدات
-درس الترمذي : وهو محاضراته اثناء تدريسه جامع الترمذي ، جمعها ابن أخته رشيد أشرف
-تقرير الترمذي من البيوع إلى أواب اللباس ضبطه ونقحه عبد الله المهيمن
-رسائل مباركة
-بحوث في قضايا فقهية معاصرة ويحتوي احكام البيع بالتقسيط ، البيع بالتعاطي والاستجرار ، بيع الحقوق المجردة ، عقود المستقبليات في السلع ، مسألة تغير القيمة وربطها بقائمة الأسعار، زراعة عضو استؤصل في حد ، قواعد ومسائل في حوادث المرور ، وغيرها .
-أحكام الذبائح
-تحديد النسل في ميزان العقل والشرع
-أحكام الاعتكاف
-الإسلام والاقتصاد الحديث
-قضايانا العائلية
-صلوا صلاتكم وفق السنة
-أصول الإفتاء
-التقليد في ميزان الشريعة
-منهجية الاجتهاد في العصر الحاضر
-ما هي النصرانية
-ما هو الكتاب المقدس
-من العهد القديم الى القرآن الكريم
-القرارات القضائية
-ملكية الأرض وتحديدها
-نظامنا التعليمي
-كيف يدرس المنهج النظامي
-نظرة عابرة حول التعليم الاسلامي في باكستان
-كيف تطبق الشريعة في العصر الراهن
-الإسلام والسياسة الراهنة
-تطبيق الشريعة ومسائلها
-الإسلام والحقوق الانسانية
-سيدنا معاوية في ضوء الواقع التاريخي
-والدي وشيخي وذوقه
-مآثر العارفي ترجمة لشيخه
-آثار الماضين
-الشهيد ضياء الحق
-من كان شيوخ ديوبند
-حكيم الأمة وافكاره السياسية
-المواعظ الإصلاحية
88-year-old Uyghur scholar, Sheikh Abdul Ahad Barat Makhdoum, was killed six months ago in Chinese custody in East Turkistan. The Sheikh was arrested last year along with his family & the authorities sentenced them to prison terms ranging between 5 and 10 years.
The Sheikh was born in 1930 in the Karakash county of Khotan prefecture in East Turkestan. His father Sheikh Barat Akhun was also killed in Chinese custody in 1937.
The Sheikh was in and out of prison most of his life:
– 1958: Sentenced to 15 years.
– 1979: Sentenced to 1 year.
– 2004: Arrested whilst he was teaching & was sentenced to 5 years.
– 2009: Placed under house arrest until his final arrest.
– 2017: Arrested and then killed.
The Chinese authorities deliberately delayed the news of his death or handing his body over to his family for 6 months.
Despite being imprisoned and tortured many times, Sheikh Abdul Ahad Barat Makhdoum rahimahullah remained steadfast and continued to preach and teach
He originates from Damascus’s Al-Salihiyah district and was born in 1961.
He started pursuing Islamic Sciences in 1977 in the al-Fathu’l Islami institution in Damascus, from great scholars of Damascus, most famous among them Abdur Razzaq al-Halabi, the mufti of Hanafis and one who collected mutawatir recitations. He read to him the whole Quran in the narration of Hafs and received an ijazah reaching to the prophet, peace and blessings be upon him. He also studied under Shaykh Adeeb al-Kallas and many other scholars.
The shaykh has a great love for hadith sciences and distinguishing them between sahih (authentic) and da’if (weak) since his commence of seeking knowledge. He studied hadith books and terminologies and has read the classical books, the works of later and contemporary scholars. His most eminent teacher is Shaykh Abdul Qader Arnaout, the hadith scholar of al-Sham. He studied under him Qawaid at-Tahdith by al-Qasimi. Frequenting him, he would sit and benefit from him. Shaykh al-Arnaout would praise him, and his sons are said to have a good relationship with him and recommend people to benefit from him.
When al-Mahdi graduated from the Islamic shar’i college, he started working in verifying religious books (tahqiq). He was appointed as an imam and preacher for several mosques in Damascus and its rural areas. He was coerced to pause preaching and studying more than once due to security reasons.
For a short period of time al-Mahdi had left Syria for Tunisia, were he engaged in preaching and teaching activities. After the commence of jihad in Syria, he returned to his country to support the mujahidin in their uprising. He responds to the question fighters and ordinary civilians, delivers sermons of advice and incitement to the mujahidin and locals and provides Shariah lessons. The shaykh intermittently hosts a program answering questions concerning Islamic rulings called “Fatawa min ardi al-Sham“.
Activities of the Abdul Razzaq al-Mahdi in revising books were concentrated on the subject of Hadith, particularly the fields of Takhrij (researching variants of the hadith), Tashih (authentifying hadiths) and Tadyif (classifying to be “weak”).
Tafsiru’l Kashaf by Zamahshari; 5 volumes, including an Appendix
al-Bahru’l Muhit by Abu Hayyan; 8 volumes
at-Tashīl by Ibn Juzayy; 2 volumes
Adwau’l Bayan by al Shanqiti
Fathul Bayan by Sadiq Hasan Khan
Islamic sciences
at-Tamhid by Ibn Abdilbarr
Fathul Qadir by Ibn Humām; 5 volumes [Hanafi fiqh]
al-Lubāb; 3 volumes [Hanafi fiqh]
al-Uddah Sharhul ‘Umdah
ar-Rawdul Murabba’
Bidāyatul Mujtahid by Ibn Rushd (Averroes)
al-I’tisam by al-Shātibi
Fathul Majid
Shariah by Ajuri
Tarikhul Madina by Ibn an-Najjar
Zadul Ma’ad by Ibn Qayyim
Talbisu Iblis by Ibn Jawzi
Mukthasar Zadul Ma’ād and Mukhtasar as-Sīrah by Muhammad ibn Abdulwahhab
Miscellaneous
Kitabu’l Adhkar by an-Nawawī
ar-Rihlatu fi talabil hadith by al-Khatīb al-Baghdadi
al-Khatim by al-Bayhaqī with an introduction
Muwatta; 4 volumes revision with a lengthy and detailed takhrij of the hadiths, especially those concerning balaaghah, mursal ones and mawqufhadiths considered marfu’ along with a beneficent commentary. It has not been printed later.
adopted from the Wikipedia article to which I had contributed this part
He was born in the city of Buraidah, al-Qasim, to a known religious family. Attending elementary school here, he continued secondary school and college in Mecca, where he also graduated from the University of Umm al-Qura in the field of Islamic Jurisprudence. Later he studied Comparative Jurisprudence in the Al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University in Riyadh, writing a master treatise on the rule of war refugees according to Islam.
Muhaysini is married and has children.
His father Muhammad ibn Sulayman al-Mohaisany is a known Quran reciter and has served as the imam and preacher of a local mosque in Mecca. He has at least once been arrested by government authorities for his public prayers.
Abdullah al-Muhaysini arrived in Syria in 2013 after his uncle Omar Al-Muhaysini had previously been martyred there fighting the Syrian Arab Army. In an interview with IZRS he stated that his intention when departing towards Syria had been to resolve the internal conflicts between Syrian Opposition factions.
Since his arrival in Syria, Muhaysini actively served as a preacher and judge, delivering sermons in local mosques, issuing religious verdicts and counseling Islamic groups. In addition he has appeared on the front lines for a couple of time, inciting Syrian Opposition fighters and raising their morale. After the conquest of Idlib in 2015, he served as the official judge of the Army of Conquest for Idlib city. Working independently Muhaysini has good ties to a great range of Islamic factions in Syria, which enables him to intervene in conflicts and settle on resolutions.
adopted from the Wikipedia article to which I had contributed this part
Biographies of Influential Muslims سير الأعلام 